Double-piston two-cycle engine



ay o. O.-FU$CH DOUBLE PISTON TWO-CYCLE ENGINE Filed 000- 29. 1924'ciprocating therein,

' the reciprocatingpiston reciprocates, 10.

Patented May 31, 1927. 7

" one one ruson or iannrirtowne, Leeann. w

v 5o113143.1 1 s'ron 'trwo-oYonn ENGIN L I have entitled my inventionas: a double piston two cycle engine, as this is my present preferreduse of the features of rnyinvention. 1 The invention in itsbroadfeatures"coin prises a stationary cylinder, apiston reserted Withinthe cylinder" and over; which i I This basic, mechanism, With suitableValves; inlets and outlets, may be nsedaas an'i'nternal com}-bustionen'gine of the twocycle and the four double expansionisteamengine. 7 structure maybe used as agas compressor cycle t'ype. Itmay ypp ting power to operate the mov ng'piston'the 'of the single or: twostage type.

My invention of the'tWo cycle'fengineitype is designed to oyerconie someof the disadvantages of-the present type in whichthe 1 fuel gas iscompressed jin'the crank charm.

ber before entering the explosion cylinder. i

V V I also amenabledtdprovide a :forcedfeed of lubrication for thepistons and connecting rods instead 1 of 1 having to mix lubricating oilwith'thepowerfuel such' as gasoline.

The broad features of my two cyclenn- V fternat-combustion enginecomprise a staa piston reciprocat piston mounted in? side of thecylinder and over which: the A connecting" tio'n a'ry outer cylinder;ing therein, a stat onary piston sli'des.

reciprocating v p by a 'wrlst pinto the reciprod is secured rocatingpistonand operates a crankshaft in the usual manner.

In the specific operation of this engine, on theupstroke of thereciprocating piston, gas is sucked into th e inner chamber between" the'stationaryland the --reciprocating"piston; ='-O'n"fthe downwardmovement of thereciprocating piston the gas is forced outof'thisinner-"chamber and "into the outer chamber between the cylinderand the reciprocating piston{ "On the second upstroke the gas in theouterchamber is compressed and 'I-fresh gas is drawn into the innerchamber. *l-rt the top position the explosion is causedby the usua'lspark plug giving the explosion-stroketo the reciprocating piston thedow'nstroke the explodedfnel islead out of the ordinary twocycle'exhaustport. 1

Thus on the v explosion stroke the gas is compressed in the lnnerchamber andfforce'd into the "outer chamber; On the compresa stationarypiston in- Near the end of sion stroke in the 'outer chamberfresh gas isdrawn into the inner chan'iber.v I'thereby obtain a two cycleengineinwhich the fresh 3 fuel is drawn" and compressed Within the bodyoffthe reciprocatingpiston An important function of this operation '60is the cooling'o'f' the reciprocating piston by' the freshjfuel-gasbeingdrawn into the in-- lner chamber inside of the reciprocating piston; Imay provide, necessary, means for circulating ater passages in.stationary Cylinder;

Myrinvention en been Cla e nd stood from -the"followin'gspecificationfand- 1 accompanying drawings, in Which] '1 Figure 1 1s" atransverse' sectionthrough its upperposition.-

- Fig. 2 1s 'aisection-ioffjFigl on the line 2- 2 looking np asindicated by! thejarrows', show ng the base of the stationary cylinder.-

-Figfl8 :is asectiOn-of Fig; 21011 the :line

,the t. pin details;

- Figens a. liagraminatic yieyv of th tawith the reciprocating piston".its

the enginewith" the reciprocating piston in in the direction of the'i'ar'rowjs showing I c ed'onia crank 'case' Bg A -reciprtmating pis non "theoutsi'de ofthe stationary pis outlet port fTfheQ duct 7 to conveytfliefuel to the lntake' portj-isdifierent from the'usual construetionf-Thereciprocating pistonfa'r as the -upperfp'o'rtion'10: is concerned issjilnil'arto the pr esent two cyclepistons, having a baflle -11 ontheP1St011 l121l 12 to deflect the inconfi'ng gas; I preferablyliextendthecylinder Twalls .on each side forming skirts 13 in which the wrist-pinis"secured,' the detaile'd fastening of which shown in Fig; 2. I The 7bushings 14 are fastened on the inside ofithe 1 v sliirtsjby means ofscreWs15. The'wristjpin 5 r 16 is 'i'nounted in these bushings; Theusual piston rings l'hnaintaiirthecompression in 'what' I term theoutercham'be'r between the cylinder andth'e piston head 12.

' -Thestationary piston, I believe, is of Y -entirely new construction,having a cylindrical wall aipiston head 21', andfiange 22 with pistonrings 23 tomaintain the compression in whatgl term theinnerchamber I r 7ton and the piston-head. 21;.

intakechamber28 can be formed as an exstem 30, so as to maintain thevalve head .31

sucked into the 'innerchamber;

between the insideofthe reciprocating pis v The stationary. piston has;a "duct 24 leading through the the piston head 21. If desired,anenlargedtension ofthe-fintake26. The valve 27 is shown with a 'spring'28engaging a spider 29 across the valveopening'andthe valve seated butallowit to. open 'whengas; is

The outlet from'theinner chamber-is through. the compression valvechamber in which avalve head .36 is heldseated by theengine Thestationary piston-Li's preferablyire be ed.

a spring 37 engaging-a spider [38 and at-' j tached to. the valvei'stem: 39. :l This spring. is preferably much stronger than the spring ron the intakevalve- Below thevalve anen larged" compression'chamber 40is formed on I the body of-tlieypiston and leads into a compression duct41;wl'1ich passes through the Hang-e 22 on the lefthancl side asindicated. by 42,1 and thence connects tothe duct 7. of thecylinderizas:indicated at 43."

Thejs'tationa-ry piston: ispreferablyicored to. form "fif'WEllZI; jacket44 which'j connects cessedlfrom the bottom upward to .allow the wristpinto extend upwardly."intojthe' cylinder. .I-Iowever, the constructioncould be modified in hichthe wristpin at its upper most positionjwonldbev substantially? level.

with the fia'ngesxf. *this case tliezbearing surfaceof the nner andouter piston would In the assembly shown iii 2-offthe cylinder and theflange422 0f: the

stationary piston are bolted to the top offthe crank case B by bolts 56.The crank case is preferablyformedf in two .-'parts,' an upper section57 and .a lowerjse'ction 58 V .beingbolted at the flanges 59.f;Ahandplate 60 may be placed-at the. bottom. if desired.

The crankcase has the usual brackets 61" for the crank shaft 62Which hasthe usual crank l bearings 63 for'tlie connecting-rod 64 of the 2 l typeengaging the wrist pinlt at; its

{upper end 65. J v

-,Theoperation of my-engine is asifoll'owsz -Presuming the reciprocatingpiston G to be-in'the lower pos tion, as shown in Fig. 4,

on the'upstrokegas is drawn in .from the carburetor through the ducts24and 26 and- .intake valve 27. The spring 128 is su lciently a e to anewthe at; headeia lift with the suction; On the downstrokeof thereciprocating piston the, gas, in the inner chamber between the postonGand the piston head 210i the stationary piston is com pressed andforced out throughthe compres 'sion' valve'chamber 35, As-abovementioned, 1

it is preferableto use a strong spring n th1s valve so that the gas,will'be considerably compressed before [the valve "head-BG-lifts' fromits seat. The compressed gas is forced through the chamber40 andducts'41Zand 7 to. the. port 5. The'recipro'catingpiston is now in itslowerpositioirsov thatthe compressed gas is .forcedover the head l2fstrik ingfirst the baflie 11 Theupstroke' ofthe f reciprocating pistoncompresses-this-gasin now with the piston inltheirpper position,

and-exhausts the exploded gas through the 1 exhaust port 6. Asabovementioned. the,

the exploded" gas is exhausted whileItl1e- 'fresh 'fuelfgas is forcedkinin' the usual two 1 cycle practice. Thelengine now gcontinuesautomatically on the two cycle-principle and may be controlled by boththe usua .and' spark advanceand retardation.

g 7 As abovementioned .the gas in the -inner; by 1any suitable conduitssuch as 45 and 46 with: "the usual water circulating system of chambercools the reciprocating. pisto n'and l throttle Y we I thereby' becomesore-heated so that hot 2'gas. r

is introduced: into: the outer; or explosion chamber; If

invention. in the form of a I tw ."For; instance, the wrist pin-as aboveme-n} V vole] engine ISOP'GII to considerable modificat on.

=tiouedcould be on substantially .thesanie glevel as the flanges; inwhich case it would be desirable to' continue-a skirt-downwardly "fromthe cylinder to. form alonger bearing l =-for the reciprocating131543011 The water con cluitsand gas du'ctscould be-suitably posi tothe incoming gas; V V v An adaptation of my design to a four cy-.

tioned to. transfer the heat from the water fcle engine'wouldbe'somewhat as follows: Poppet. valves would be mounted in thestationary piston and operated from cam shafts, preferably-indiecrankchamber. A l spark plug would-alsobe situated in the face (of thestationaryfpiston.

The cyli der andthereciprocatiug piston fcould. functio'nfas theordinaryfour cycle engine, preferablylof; the 1 overhead valve 'type,in theusual fmanner; It will thusbe seen, that the reciprocating pistonwould-be sion in the inner-chambers-This would d-ou' acted upon bytheexplosion in theouter chamber and alsoby the alternatingexplm intakeport 5, exhaustv port 6: and the battle 11v are arrangedintheordinaryfway soth'atm J ciprocatingpiston and crank would 'be' sub-'-ject over the ordinary construction, thereby increasing the efficiencyof the engine.

The same-basic design of acylinder, a piston reciprocating therein, anda stationary piston over which the reciprocating pistonreciprocates'could be used as a steam. engine of the double expansiontype. "Throughany suitable and well known valve mechanism live steamwould be lead through'the sta-' tionary cylinder into the inner chamber.

The exhaust from this inner chamber would j be lead through suitableports to an intake into the outer chamber. portioning the area of thepistonsand the volume of the stroke, the steam could be ex panded insuccession, 'the prop'er amountin each of the chambers; It might benecessary to form an inner false wall on the reciproeating pistoninorder to decrease the area 'of the stationary piston and hence thevolume of the inner chamber compared with rocating p ston. It might alsobe desirableto operate the valves in the head of the 1113 "highlycompressed gas.

These merely indicate'soine modifications ofv the construction and'useof mybas1ciin-- vention- It may bedesirable to mount the,

rigidly as shown.

claimed.

open from a v V 7 piston being supported on the lower edge of the outerchamber. It will thus be seen that in such a double expansion steamengine the reciprocating piston and crank shaft would act under theimpulse of double expansion steam. As well known in the steam engineart, the valves could be operated to cause both the inner and the outerchambers to act as high pressure expansion chambers.

The same basic construction of the reciprocating piston and stationarypiston may be adapted to. an air and gas compressor of the single or twostagetype, In this case the crank shaft would be rotated by someprimeinover and the outer 'chamberwould form and exhausted therefrominto the inner chamber and exhausted therefrom fa-s a inner piston in aflexiblemanner instead of This could be done by passing the suction andcompressed gases through 'swiveled sleeves. Such construction wouldallow slight lateral movement of the piston in reference to the I'GClP-stationary ner piston bycams in the. same manner as poppet valves infour cycle engines.

Various changes may be madejwithout de- I the side walls inside thecylinder, a sliding By suitably *prothe first stage ofthe compression.By suitable valvesv and ports the airor other as would be drawn into theouter. chamber piston liaviiig'bearing surfaces on the cyli'n-i der andthestationary pistOmopposite'ly po sit-ioned skirts dependingfrom-thesliding piston into the openings in the sidewalls of the stationarypiston, ttfWI'iSt pin-between the skirts,-a" crank in'thecrank case, aconnecting rod between the crank and the wrist pin, inlet and :outletvalves {in theheadof the stationary cylinder, ducts leading through the,side-wallportions of the: sta-. tionary cylinder to said valves: andinlet and outlet; ports v in the cylinder positioned to feedand'to'disclarge gas between the ;iiiov,- ing piston andthecylinder. r

havinga crank case, a cyl- 2. An engine tionary piston being supportedon-th'elower edge .of thetsidegwalls inside the cylinder, a slidingpiston having bearing ,sur aces on the cylinder and the stationarypiston, op-

positely positioned skirts depending from as I the slidingpiston intothe openings inthe side walls of the stationary piston, a Wrist sidewallportions of the stationary piston. 3. An'engine having a crank case, acylinder supported thereon, astationary piston having a closed head andside walls partially f open from theirj lower edge, the stationary. 3

piston being supported-on the lower edge ofthe side walls inside thecylinder, a] sliding '90 7 pin between the skirts, a crankinthe crankcase, aflconnectingyrod between the crank and the "wrist pin, and awater jacket in the piston'havin'gbearing surfaces on-thecylin} V derand'thestationary. piston, oppositely p01 sitioiied skirts dependingfrom the sliding piston into the openings in the side walls .of thestationary piston, a wrist pinbetween 1 the skirts,'a crank in thecrankcase, a connecting rodbetween the crank and the wristpin, duct-sleading through the side wall portions of the stationary piston, valvesin the head oft-he stationarypiston connected to said ducts, awater-jacket in the sidewall,

portions of the stationary piston and inlet and exhaust ports in thecylinder for the moving piston,

4. An engine comprising in. combination.

ports, a reciprocating piston having a'closed piston head formingtherewith an outer ing therewith an inner" chamber, a connecting rodattached to the reciprocatingpiston,"

a crankshaft connected to: the connecting rod, a duct to convey gaseousfuel to the chamber, a stationary piston having a head" with inlet andoutlet valves over which the inner chamber through the inlet valve, aduct from the outlet valve to the-inlet port of the cylinder: and meansto explode theouter chamber.

5. An engi 'e as claimed inclaini4, in)

the gas in so inder supported thereon, a'stationary piston,having'a;ciosed head and sidewalls par-.1 tiallyiopen from their loweredge, the sta 11 5* a cylinder'having valveless inlet and outletreciprocating piston reciprocates-and forina ivhichthe ducts to theinlet andbntlet valves are formed in the body: structure of the sta'tionaryp'ist'on. and an additional duct is formed in the cylinderleading to the inlet port ofsaidflcylinder. .i V '6. Anflengine'having acylinder, afpis'ton reciprocating, therein, a stationary piston f havinga head W1th valves therem, ever I i Whiclithe reciprocating-pistonreciprocates',

a Water 1' acket' in the stationary piston and means to circulate watertherethrongh. 7.'An1eng1ne compris ng in :c o1nb1nat10n a crank'case, acylinderextendingtnpwardly from the crank case, a stationary-pistonhaving side Walls fixedly attached fto the crank case, inside thecylinder,v a reciprocating pismeans to conduct a gas through the, siderwallslof the stationary cylinder to and from the innerchainber; means:to conductgas from the inner chamber through the structureofthee-cylinder to theiouter chamber, 7

inlet and" exhaust ports in the cylinder 'fbrij withthestationarypi'stenan .inner-chamber,=

the enter chamberyinwhich the opp'ositepor- 'tions of the sidewalls areleft open and the reciprocating piston has oppositely vposi ingsaid-skirts and a connecting rod connect- "tioned' depending skirts, aWrist pin connect ed to. said wrist pin;the innerpistOn having I springcontrolled inlet and outlet valves" in Inv testimony whereof I havesigned name t0thisspecification; r p

thehea defthe said pisten, and duc'tslead- 7 ing to and from saidvalves. r

-- 1 f OTisORA r Usen. 1 i

